Water in Fjords: Unique Geological Formations Fjords are deep, narrow inlets of the sea between high cliffs or steep slopes, created by the action of glaciers. These formations are not only geologically significant but also host unique water characteristics influenced by their formation and structure. Formation of Fjords Fjords are formed when glaciers carve out deep valleys through the process of glacial erosion. As the glaciers retreat, sea water floods these valleys, creating the fjords we see today. This process results in overdeepened basins, where the valley floor lies below sea level, often leading to the formation of sills at the fjord's mouth that restrict water exchange with the open sea . ويكيبيديا Water Characteristics in Fjords The unique structure of fjords leads to distinct water layering: Stratification : Due to limited mixing, fjords often exhibit strong stratification, with a layer of fresh water from river inflow sitting atop denser, saline sea wat...
